Analysis of heat loss in wall insulators and sterilizer door covers in palm oil processing factories
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Published:
Sep 30, 2023
Keywords:
Crude palm oil, Double-glazed windows, Lorry, Rockwool, Triple-peak
Section
Engineering
Statistics Article
Article View : 353 Times
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Abstract
The main stage of crude palm oil (CPO) production takes place in the boiling process, which involves the role of sterilizer equipment. One of the ideal standards for producing CPO is to have an oil yield value in the range of 22.5-23.5%. However, the palm oil processing industry only found an oil yield of 20.25%. The decrease in yield was due to the steam pressure entering the sterilizer not being up to standard. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of steam exiting the sterilizer or heat loss with the help of mathematical equations (including the Nusselt number and Rayleigh number) by utilizing field data. This research in the palm oil processing industry gave the highest result for heat loss at peak III of 58,074 kJ with Bunches of Fresh Fruit (BFF) boiling conditions at 2.7 bar and 130°C and a process time of 600 seconds. The resulting CPO oil yield was 20.25% (a decrease of about 10–14% from the production standard). The industry, together with a third party (a maintenance consultant from outside the company), assessed the need to maintain a continuous production process and a decrease in oil yield (2.25–3.25%). The yield gap leads to solving the problem through an operating condition optimization approach. The treatment that can be applied is equipment extension through the installation of double-glazed windows on the sterilizer equipment to minimize heat loss. This consideration is the best option considering the continuous palm oil production process and is able to prevent partial or total shut-down activities.
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How to Cite
Putri, A. S., & Sari, D. A. (2023). Analysis of heat loss in wall insulators and sterilizer door covers in palm oil processing factories. International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, 12(2), 82–91. https://doi.org/10.35335/ijobas.v12i2.265
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A. Paramitha and R. Ekawati, “Analisis karakteristik mutu palm kernel oil (PKO) asal PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Unit Usaha Pabatu,” AGRIBIOS: Jurnal Ilmiah, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 50–62, 2022, doi: 10.36841/agribios.v20i1.1634.
A. Rifin, “Efisiensi perusahaan crude palm oil (CPO) di Indonesia,” Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 103–108, 2017, doi: 10.17358/jma.14.2.103.
P. Baskoro, “Analisis kehilangan panas pada sterilizer kapasitas 30 ton/jam di PKS PTPN II Pagar Merbau,” Universitas Medan Area, Medan, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://repositori.uma.ac.id/jspui/handle/123456789/18888
O. Hikmawan and R. Angelina, “Pengaruh variasi waktu dan tekanan terhadap kehilangan minyak pada air kondensat di unit sterilizer pabrik kelapa sawit,” Teknik dan Teknologi, vol. 14, no. 28, pp. 33–39, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.kemenperin.go.id/jtt/article/view/5875.
N. Tarigan and M. Simamora, “Pengaruh bahan isolasi termal terhadap perpindahan kalor pada tangki penyimpanan steam untuk meminimalisir heat loss dan tekanan,” Jurnal Vokasi Teknik (JuVoTek), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 9–16, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://mentech.id/jurnal/index.php/juvotek/article/view/3.
Z. Zakaria and H. Susanto, “Analisa kerusakan pada rebusan (sterilizer) kelapa sawit di PT Beurata Subur Persada,” Mahasiswa Mesin UTU (JMMUTU), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2022. [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.utu.ac.id/JMM/article/view/5356.
J. Inyang, M. Andrew-Munot, S. T. S. Shazali, and S. J. Tanjong, “A model to manage crude palm oil production system,” MATEC Web of Conferences, vol. 255, no. 02001, pp. 1–7, 2019, doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201925502001.
P. V. PTPN VIII, “Laporan tahunan 2013: mengoptimalkan potensi perusahaan,” PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII (Persero), 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.portalpn8.net/Content/Images/AnualReport/Annual%20Report%202013/Annual%20Report%202013_PTPN%208.pdf
J. Siregar, “Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi rendemen crude palm oil (CPO) di PT Sumber Sawit Jaya Lestari,” Universitas Medan Area, Medan, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://repositori.uma.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/19358/1/188150111%20-%20Jupriadi%20Siregar%20-%20LKP.pdf
D. Hidayati, “Analisis termal pada sterilizer crude palm oil di PT Boma Bisma Indra,” Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://repository.its.ac.id/41820/.
J. Jotho, “Uji eksperimental pengaruh perubahan temperatur lorong udara terhadap koefisien perpindahan panas konveksi pelat datar,” Majalah Ilmiah Universitas Pandanaran, vol. 8, no. 16, pp. 1–9, 2010. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.unpand.ac.id/index.php/dinsain/article/view/55.
T. L. Bergman, A. S. Lavine, F. P. Incropera, and D. P. Dewitt, Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, 7th ed. United States of America: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
A. Harvey, W. T. Parry, J. Bellows, J. Gallagher, and R. Harwood, Eds., ASME international steam tables for industrial use, 3rd ed. New York: ASME Press, 2014. doi: 10.1115/1.860366.
R. A. Wicaksono and A. B. K. Putra, “Studi numerik perpindahan panas konveksi paksa pada pin fin berpenampang circular dengan susunan staggered,” Teknik ITS, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. B87–B93, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://ejurnal.its.ac.id/index.php/teknik/article/view/47384.
F. M. Dewadi et al., “Perpindahan panas: Dasar dan praktis dari perspektif akademisi dan praktisi,” Bandung: Indie Press, 2022, pp. 1–178. [Online]. Available: https://books.google.co.id/books/about/PERPINDAHAN_PANAS.html?id=AYp6EAAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y
J. Holman, Heat transfer, 10th ed. United States of America: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Y. A. Cengel, Heat transfer: A practical approach, 2nd ed. United States of America: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
I. G. B. Susana and I. B. Alit, Perpindahan panas konveksi. Mataram: Mataram University Press, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://eprints.unram.ac.id/id/eprint/32291
Z. N. Damarani, “Pengaruh kecepatan fluida panas terhadap bilangan nusselt dan reynold pada heat exchanger tipe shell and tube (the effect of hot fluid flow velocity to determine the nusselt and reynold number of shell and tube heat exchanger).,” Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 2016. [Online]. Available: http://eprints.undip.ac.id/53381/
I. A. Fitria, D. A. Sari, V. P. Fahriani, and M. Djaeni, “Shell and tube heat exchanger fouling factor via Heat Transfer Research Inc (HTRI) software,” Reka Buana: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 104–113, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.33366/rekabuana.v7i2.4030.
Q. Z. A. Faris, A. G. Safitra, and S. Nugroho, “Studi eksperimen perpindahan panas konveksi paksa internal pada saluran bentuk silinder dan persegi,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Aplikasi Sains & Teknologi (SNAST), Yogyakarta, 2018, pp. A417–A426. [Online]. Available: https://journal.akprind.ac.id/index.php/snast/article/view/1472
S. Sulaiman and R. Randa, “Pengaruh temperatur terhadap efisiensi sterilizer dan kualitas minyak yang dihasilkan,” Menara Ilmu, vol. XII, no. 10, pp. 159–169, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.umsb.ac.id/index.php/menarailmu/article/view/1035
L. Masruroh and H. Mardesci, “Proses perebusan kelapa sawit pada stasiun sterilizer (studi kasus pada PT Tri Bakti Sarimas PKS 2 Ibul Riau),” Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 43–48, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.unisi.ac.id/index.php/jtp/article/view/1282%20.
H. Riupassa and W. G. Allo, “Analisis konveksi alami dan paksa dengan variasi material,” Teknik Mesin, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 39–48, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://ojs.ustj.ac.id/mesin/article/view/428.
I. S. Haq and M. A. Purba, “Kajian penyebab kerusakan door packing pada tabung sterilizer menggunakan metode root cause analysis (rca) di sungai kupang mill,” JVTI, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1–8, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.36870/jvti.v2i2.177.
S. Forughian and M. Taheri Shahr Aiini, “Comparative study of single-glazed and double-glazed windows in terms of energy efficiency and economic expenses,” TAKSAD, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 879–893, Jun. 2017, doi: 10.7596/taksad.v6i3.884.
V. A. Maiorov, “Heat transfer through a double-glazed window by convection,” IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 939, no. 1, pp. 1–9, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/939/1/012049.
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